Captain America's Shield.
Can a shield bounce back without losing momentum?
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Can a shield bounce back without losing momentum?
Fit the assemblies, choose the inputs, then run the test.
A fixed target reverses the normal part of the shield’s velocity. The target and its foundation receive the opposite impulse. Restitution measures normal rebound speed; a value no greater than one keeps the collision’s kinetic energy from increasing.
Point mass against a fixed, effectively infinite-mass target; no tangential friction or spin. Angle is from the surface normal. 0≤e≤1, so rebound cannot create energy. Hypothetical material presets specify e only; no automatic return or canonical shield property is claimed.
Deliver at least 100 N·s normal impulse while losing less than 35% of the incoming energy.
Compare a shield’s rebound with the impulse delivered to its fixed target.